DEXTROSE 5% I.P. 500ML PKT.

About

Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) is an intravenous solution commonly used for fluid replacement and as a source of calories. It is an isotonic solution initially, but once dextrose is metabolized, it becomes hypotonic, providing free water to the body. This free water helps in hydrating cells and replacing insensible fluid losses. Dextrose, a simple sugar, serves as a readily available energy source, providing approximately 170 calories per 500 mL. It is metabolized to carbon dioxide and water, making it a clean source of energy.

D5W is frequently used to treat dehydration, provide maintenance fluid, and dilute medications for intravenous administration. It is also indicated in conditions requiring a modest caloric intake, such as in patients who are temporarily unable to take oral fluids or food. However, it does not contain electrolytes, so it is not suitable for replacing significant electrolyte losses and should be used with caution in patients at risk of hyponatremia or fluid overload.

Uses

• Fluid replacement and hydration.
• Source of calories for energy.
• Diluent for intravenous medications.
• Treatment of hypernatremia.

Directions For Use

Administer intravenously as directed by a healthcare professional. Infusion rate and volume depend on patient's fluid and caloric needs.

Benefits

• Provides essential hydration.
• Supplies a readily available energy source.
• Acts as a safe diluent for many drugs.
• Helps in maintaining fluid balance.
• Metabolized efficiently by the body.
• Useful in treating conditions like hypernatremia.

Side Effects

• Fluid overload (edema, pulmonary edema)
• Hyperglycemia
• Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hyponatremia)
• Injection site reactions (pain, phlebitis)
• Hypokalemia (due to intracellular shift)
• Glycosuria
• Osmotic diuresis
• Hypersensitivity reactions (rare)
• Thrombophlebitis
• Local pain
• Fever
• Chills

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Not directly applicable. Alcohol consumption is generally not recommended in patients requiring IV fluids for medical conditions.
• Pregnancy - Generally considered safe for use in pregnancy when clinically indicated for hydration or caloric support.
• Breastfeeding - Considered safe for use during breastfeeding as it provides hydration and energy without known adverse effects on the infant.
• Liver - Use with caution in patients with severe hepatic impairment, especially if glucose metabolism is compromised; monitor blood glucose.
• Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal impairment due to risk of fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances; monitor fluid balance.
• Lung - Monitor closely for signs of fluid overload, such as pulmonary edema, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac or pulmonary conditions.

Disclaimer

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