Kemocarb 450mg Injection

About

Carboplatin is a widely used platinum-based alkylating agent, closely related to cisplatin but distinguished by a more favorable toxicity profile, particularly regarding renal and otic effects. It exerts its cytotoxic effects by forming DNA crosslinks, which interfere with DNA synthesis and repair mechanisms, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. While its antineoplastic activity is similar to cisplatin, carboplatin is often preferred in patients who may be more susceptible to cisplatin's severe nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity, as it generally causes less severe kidney damage and hearing loss. However, a key difference is its pronounced myelosuppressive effect, especially on platelets, leading to thrombocytopenia. It is a versatile agent, frequently employed in the treatment of ovarian, lung, and head and neck cancers, either as a single agent or as part of combination chemotherapy regimens, offering a crucial therapeutic option in oncology.

Uses

• Treatment of ovarian cancer.
• Management of non-small cell lung cancer.
• Therapy for small cell lung cancer.
• Treatment of head and neck cancers.

Directions For Use

Administer intravenously under strict medical supervision. Dosage is often calculated using AUC.

Benefits

• Effective against various solid tumors.
• Less nephrotoxic than cisplatin.
• Less ototoxic than cisplatin.
• Can be used in combination therapies.
• Improves survival in certain cancers.
• Well-tolerated by some patients.

Side Effects

• Myelosuppression (especially thrombocytopenia)
• Nausea and vomiting (less severe than cisplatin)
• Fatigue
• Peripheral neuropathy (less common)
• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Allergic reactions
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Electrolyte disturbances
• Injection site reactions
• Mucositis
• Taste changes

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Avoid alcohol due to potential for increased gastrointestinal upset and liver strain.
• Pregnancy - Highly teratogenic; absolutely contraindicated. Effective contraception is essential.
• Breastfeeding - Contraindicated; drug passes into breast milk and is harmful to infant.
• Liver - Use with caution; monitor liver function tests closely.
• Kidney - Dose adjustment is crucial based on renal function (e.g., using Calvert formula).
• Lung - Rare cases of interstitial lung disease reported; monitor for respiratory symptoms.

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