About

Isosorbide dinitrate is an organic nitrate that acts as a potent vasodilator, primarily affecting both arterial and venous smooth muscle. Its therapeutic action stems from its ability to release nitric oxide (NO) within the vascular endothelium. This NO then activates guanylate cyclase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The increased intracellular cGMP levels lead to the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in widespread vasodilation. This effect significantly reduces both preload (venous return to the heart) and afterload (resistance the heart pumps against), thereby decreasing myocardial oxygen demand. Concurrently, it improves oxygen supply to ischemic areas of the heart by dilating coronary arteries. Isosorbide dinitrate is widely utilized in the management of angina pectoris, offering both rapid relief for acute episodes and sustained prophylactic benefits against recurrent attacks. Its pharmacological profile makes it a cornerstone in the treatment of various ischemic heart conditions.

Uses

Prevention and treatment of angina pectoris.
Management of chronic stable angina.
Adjunctive therapy in congestive heart failure.
Treatment of myocardial ischemia.

Directions For Use

Take as directed by your physician, usually orally with water. Do not crush or chew extended-release forms.

Benefits

Reduces frequency and severity of angina attacks.
Improves exercise tolerance in angina patients.
Decreases myocardial oxygen demand.
Enhances blood flow to the heart muscle.
Provides symptomatic relief from chest pain.
Helps manage symptoms of heart failure.

Side Effects

Headache (common, often resolves with continued use)
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Flushing
Nausea
Vomiting
Postural hypotension
Palpitations
Weakness
Rash
Syncope
Tolerance development

Safety Measures

Alcohol - Avoid or limit alcohol consumption as it can enhance the hypotensive effects of isosorbide dinitrate, leading to severe dizziness or fainting.
Pregnancy - Use with caution during pregnancy only if clearly needed and the potential benefits outweigh the risks, as animal studies are inconclusive and human data is limited.
Breastfeeding - It is unknown if isosorbide dinitrate is excreted in human milk; caution is advised, and a physician should be consulted.
Liver - Use with caution in patients with severe liver impairment, as metabolism may be altered, potentially increasing drug levels and side effects.
Kidney - Generally safe in kidney conditions, but caution is advised in severe renal impairment due to potential accumulation of metabolites.
Lung - Generally safe for use in patients with lung conditions; however, monitor for any exacerbation of respiratory symptoms if present.

Disclaimer

MedEHub is committed to delivering reliable, expert-reviewd information to help consumers make informed health decisions. However, the content provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.

Our goal is to complement, not replace, the essential doctor-patient relationship.

Shipping & Location