AZACTIV 100 MG INJ. VIAL.

About

Azacitidine is a nucleoside analog classified as a hypomethylating agent, primarily utilized in the management of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and certain types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Its therapeutic action stems from its ability to incorporate into DNA and RNA, leading to DNA hypomethylation and direct cytotoxicity to abnormal hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. By inhibiting DNA methyltransferases, azacitidine helps to reverse aberrant gene silencing, thereby promoting the differentiation and maturation of hematopoietic stem cells and reducing the uncontrolled proliferation of cancerous cells. This epigenetic modification can restore normal blood cell production, improve hematological parameters, and potentially extend survival in eligible patients, particularly those with higher-risk MDS or AML who are not candidates for intensive chemotherapy.

Uses

• Treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).
• Management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
• Used in specific elderly AML patients.
• Improves hematological parameters in MDS.

Directions For Use

Administered subcutaneously or intravenously by a healthcare professional, as per the prescribed schedule.

Benefits

• Effective in treating MDS and certain AML types.
• Can improve blood cell counts.
• May prolong survival in specific patient populations.
• Offers a targeted approach to epigenetic modification.
• Reduces transfusion dependence in some patients.
• Well-established in its therapeutic indications.

Side Effects

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Fatigue
• Injection site reactions (pain, erythema)
• Fever
• Anemia
• Thrombocytopenia (low platelets)
• Neutropenia (low white blood cells)
• Abdominal pain
• Headache

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Avoid or limit alcohol, as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects or liver toxicity.
• Pregnancy - Contraindicated; can cause fetal harm. Women of childbearing potential must use effective contraception.
• Breastfeeding - Not recommended; discontinue breastfeeding during treatment due to potential harm to the infant.
• Liver - Use with caution in patients with severe liver impairment; monitor liver function tests.
• Kidney - Use with caution and potential dose adjustment in patients with kidney impairment; monitor renal function.
• Lung - Monitor for potential pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial lung disease, though rare.

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