Cytosar 100mg Injection

About

Cytosar 100mg Injection, containing cytarabine, is an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent primarily utilized in the treatment of various hematologic malignancies, particularly acute leukemias. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with DNA synthesis and repair by inhibiting DNA polymerase, an enzyme critical for cell replication. This disruption leads to the death of rapidly dividing cells, including cancerous ones. Cytarabine is incorporated into both DNA and RNA, thereby impairing their normal function and preventing cellular proliferation. It is often administered intravenously or subcutaneously, and sometimes intrathecally for central nervous system involvement, either as a single agent or more commonly in combination with other cytotoxic drugs.

The efficacy of Cytosar 100mg Injection is well-established in inducing remission and prolonging survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Due to its potent cytotoxic effects, treatment requires careful monitoring for adverse reactions, particularly bone marrow suppression, and is typically managed by experienced oncologists in a hospital setting. Dosage and treatment schedules are highly individualized based on the specific disease, patient's overall health, and response to therapy.

Uses

• Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
• Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
• Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blast crisis
• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)

Directions For Use

Administered by a healthcare professional via intravenous infusion, subcutaneous injection, or intrathecal injection. Dosage and schedule are highly individualized based on the specific cancer and patient's condition.

Benefits

• Effective in inducing remission in acute leukemias.
• Can prolong survival in certain hematologic malignancies.
• Versatile in various treatment regimens.
• Available in different formulations for specific needs.
• Established efficacy in combination therapies.
• Crucial component of curative regimens for some cancers.

Side Effects

• Bone marrow suppression (anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Oral mucositis/stomatitis
• Fever
• Rash
• Conjunctivitis (cytarabine syndrome)
• Neurotoxicity (especially with high doses or intrathecal use)
• Liver dysfunction
• Hair loss
• Fatigue
• Anorexia

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate liver toxicity and gastrointestinal side effects.
• Pregnancy - Highly contraindicated in pregnancy due to severe teratogenic effects and fetal harm. Effective contraception is essential.
• Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk and can cause serious adverse effects in the infant.
• Liver - Use with extreme caution in patients with pre-existing liver impairment; dose adjustments may be necessary, and liver function should be closely monitored.
• Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal impairment; dose adjustments may be required, and kidney function should be regularly assessed.
• Lung - Rarely, high-dose cytarabine can cause pulmonary toxicity, including non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema or acute respiratory distress syndrome.

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