About
Divalproex Sodium is a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing agent, often prescribed for the management of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine prophylaxis. Its mechanism of action is complex and thought to involve increasing brain levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter, thereby reducing neuronal excitability. It also appears to modulate voltage-gated sodium channels and T-type calcium channels, contributing to its antiepileptic and mood-stabilizing effects. The "OD" formulation indicates an extended-release tablet, designed to provide a steady therapeutic concentration over 24 hours, which helps in minimizing fluctuations in drug levels and improving patient adherence. Regular monitoring of blood levels and liver function is crucial due to potential dose-related side effects and hepatotoxicity.
Uses
- Treatment of various seizure types in epilepsy.
- Management of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder.
- Prophylaxis of migraine headaches.
- Adjunctive treatment for certain psychiatric conditions.
Directions For Use
Take one tablet orally once daily, preferably with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Swallow the tablet whole; do not crush or chew.
Benefits
- Effectively controls seizure activity.
- Stabilizes mood in bipolar disorder.
- Reduces frequency and severity of migraine attacks.
- Helps prevent recurrence of manic episodes.
- Provides sustained therapeutic effect with once-daily dosing.
- Improves overall quality of life for patients with epilepsy or bipolar disorder.
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Drowsiness
- Tremor
- Hair loss
- Weight gain
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Thrombocytopenia
- Liver dysfunction
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid alcohol as it can increase central nervous system depression and exacerbate side effects like drowsiness and dizziness.
- Pregnancy - Contraindicated in pregnancy for migraine prophylaxis due to high risk of neural tube defects and other developmental abnormalities. Use for epilepsy or bipolar disorder only if benefits clearly outweigh risks, with careful monitoring.
- Breastfeeding - Passes into breast milk; monitor infant for sedation or feeding difficulties. Consult a healthcare provider to assess risks and benefits.
- Liver - Contraindicated in patients with significant hepatic dysfunction or disease. Regular liver function tests are essential during treatment.
- Kidney - Use with caution in renal impairment; dosage adjustments may be necessary as valproate is partially excreted by the kidneys.
- Lung - No specific contraindications related to lung conditions, but general caution applies for overall health.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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