About

Lactulose is a synthetic disaccharide that functions primarily as an osmotic laxative. It remains unabsorbed in the small intestine, reaching the colon where it is fermented by colonic bacteria into low molecular weight organic acids. This process increases the osmotic pressure within the colon, drawing water into the lumen, which effectively softens the stool and stimulates natural bowel movements. Beyond its laxative properties, lactulose is also crucial in managing hepatic encephalopathy. In this condition, it helps reduce systemic ammonia levels by promoting the conversion of ammonia to non-absorbable ammonium ions within the colon, which are then safely excreted, thereby improving neurological function in patients with severe liver disease.

Uses

Treatment of chronic constipation.
Management of hepatic encephalopathy.
Preparation for colonoscopy or other bowel procedures.
Softening of stools in conditions like hemorrhoids or anal fissures.

Directions For Use

Take orally, usually once daily. The dose can be adjusted based on individual response and severity of constipation.

Benefits

Effective in relieving chronic constipation.
Helps reduce ammonia levels in hepatic encephalopathy.
Generally well-tolerated with minimal systemic absorption.
Promotes natural bowel movements without harsh stimulation.
Can be used long-term under medical supervision.
Softens stools, making them easier to pass.

Side Effects

Abdominal bloating
Flatulence
Abdominal cramps
Diarrhea (with high doses)
Nausea
Vomiting
Electrolyte imbalance (rare, with prolonged high doses)
Dehydration (rare, with prolonged high doses)
Belching
Mild abdominal discomfort
Increased thirst
Rectal irritation

Safety Measures

Alcohol - No direct interaction, but excessive alcohol can contribute to dehydration, which may worsen constipation.
Pregnancy - Generally considered safe as it is minimally absorbed systemically. Consult a doctor before use.
Breastfeeding - Considered safe as it is minimally absorbed and unlikely to pass into breast milk in significant amounts.
Liver - Often used to treat hepatic encephalopathy; generally safe and beneficial for liver conditions.
Kidney - Generally safe for use in patients with kidney conditions as it is not renally excreted.
Lung - No specific contraindications or precautions related to lung conditions.

Disclaimer

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