NS 100ML 3% GLASS 1X50

About

Hypertonic Saline (3% Sodium Chloride Injection) in a 100ml glass vial is a potent intravenous solution used in critical care to rapidly correct severe, symptomatic hyponatremia and to reduce cerebral edema. Unlike isotonic saline, this solution has a significantly higher concentration of sodium chloride (3%), creating a strong osmotic gradient. This gradient draws excess fluid from the intracellular and interstitial spaces, including brain cells, into the intravascular compartment, thereby increasing serum sodium levels and decreasing intracranial pressure. Due to its powerful osmotic effects and the risk of severe complications like osmotic demyelination syndrome, 3% hypertonic saline is considered a high-alert medication. Its administration requires meticulous monitoring of serum electrolytes and neurological status, typically in an intensive care setting, to ensure patient safety and optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Uses

• Severe symptomatic hyponatremia
• Cerebral edema
• Increased intracranial pressure
• Specific cases of traumatic brain injury

Directions For Use

Administer intravenously via a central line, slowly and cautiously, under strict medical supervision with frequent electrolyte monitoring.

Benefits

• Rapidly corrects severe hyponatremia
• Reduces cerebral edema
• Decreases intracranial pressure
• Improves neurological outcomes in specific conditions
• Life-saving in critical situations
• Potent osmotic effects

Side Effects

• Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS)
• Hypernatremia
• Fluid overload
• Pulmonary edema
• Central pontine myelinolysis
• Hypokalemia
• Metabolic acidosis
• Injection site reactions
• Fever
• Infection
• Allergic reactions
• Hypertension
• Cardiac arrhythmias

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - No direct interaction. However, alcohol consumption can exacerbate electrolyte imbalances, and its sedative effects may mask symptoms of hyponatremia or ODS.
• Pregnancy - Use only if clearly indicated and potential benefits outweigh risks. Close monitoring of maternal and fetal electrolytes is essential due to potential for severe complications.
• Breastfeeding - Use with extreme caution. Sodium chloride is a natural component of breast milk, but high concentrations could potentially affect the infant. Monitor infant for adverse effects.
• Liver - Use with extreme caution in severe liver disease, especially if ascites or fluid retention is present, due to increased risk of fluid overload and electrolyte disturbances.
• Kidney - Use with extreme caution in patients with severe renal impairment due to high risk of fluid and sodium overload, and exacerbation of electrolyte imbalances. Close monitoring is critical.
• Lung - Use with extreme caution in patients with pulmonary edema or conditions predisposing to fluid overload, as rapid administration can severely worsen respiratory status.

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