About
Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, a class of oral antidiabetic agents used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by enhancing the body's natural ability to control blood glucose levels. Vildagliptin achieves this by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which is responsible for the degradation of incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By preserving these incretins, Vildagliptin increases glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and decreases glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells. This dual mechanism helps to lower elevated blood glucose concentrations, particularly after meals, and improves overall glycemic control without directly stimulating insulin release in a glucose-independent manner, thereby reducing the risk of hypoglycemia.
This medication is typically prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents, when diet and exercise alone do not provide adequate glycemic control. Its efficacy in reducing HbA1c levels and its generally favorable safety profile make it a valuable option in the comprehensive treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes.
Uses
- Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.
- Improvement of glycemic control as an adjunct to diet and exercise.
- Used as monotherapy when metformin is inappropriate or not tolerated.
- Combination therapy with other oral antidiabetic agents or insulin.
Directions For Use
Take orally, usually once or twice daily, with or without food, as prescribed by your doctor.
Benefits
- Effective reduction in HbA1c levels.
- Low risk of hypoglycemia due to glucose-dependent action.
- Weight-neutral effect, not typically causing weight gain.
- Improved pancreatic beta-cell function.
- Enhanced post-meal glucose control.
- Generally well-tolerated with a favorable safety profile.
Side Effects
- Nasopharyngitis
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Cough
- Tremor
- Fatigue
- Constipation
- Peripheral edema
- Joint pain (arthralgia)
- Skin reactions (e.g., rash)
- Abnormal liver function tests (rare)
- Pancreatitis (very rare, serious)
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Generally safe to consume alcohol in moderation, but monitor blood sugar levels as alcohol can affect glucose metabolism.
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy due to insufficient data; consult your doctor for alternative treatments.
- Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is unknown if the drug passes into breast milk; consult your doctor.
- Liver - Use with caution in patients with liver impairment; regular monitoring of liver function tests is advised.
- Kidney - Dose adjustment may be necessary in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment; consult your doctor.
- Lung - Generally considered safe for use in patients with lung conditions; no specific contraindications related to lung function.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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