AMBISTRIN S 0.75MG TAB 1VIAL

About

Streptomycin, often found under brand names like Ambistrin S, is an aminoglycoside antibiotic primarily used as a second-line agent for severe bacterial infections, most notably tuberculosis. Its mechanism of action involves binding irreversibly to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and causing misreading of the mRNA genetic code. This leads to the production of non-functional proteins and ultimately bacterial cell death, making it a bactericidal agent. Due to its potential for significant side effects, particularly ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, streptomycin's use is generally reserved for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and other serious infections like plague, tularemia, and brucellosis, often in combination with other antimicrobial agents to enhance efficacy and prevent resistance development.

Uses

• Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
• Management of enterococcal endocarditis (in combination).
• Therapy for plague.
• Treatment of tularemia and brucellosis.

Directions For Use

This medication is typically administered via intramuscular injection by a healthcare professional, usually once daily or as prescribed. Follow the exact dosage and schedule provided.

Benefits

• Effective against mycobacteria.
• Bactericidal action.
• Useful in multidrug-resistant infections.
• Part of established TB treatment regimens.
• Effective against specific severe bacterial infections.
• Rapid onset of action.

Side Effects

• Ototoxicity (vestibular and auditory damage).
• Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage).
• Neurotoxicity (neuromuscular blockade).
• Hypersensitivity reactions.
• Pain at injection site.
• Headache.
• Nausea.
• Vomiting.
• Paresthesia.
• Optic nerve dysfunction.
• Muscle weakness.
• Dizziness.

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - No direct interaction, but alcohol can exacerbate dehydration or general malaise, which should be avoided during severe infections requiring streptomycin.
• Pregnancy - Contraindicated due to high risk of ototoxicity (deafness) in the fetus. Use only if no safer alternative and benefits outweigh extreme risks.
• Breastfeeding - Not recommended as it is excreted into breast milk and can cause ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity in the infant.
• Liver - Generally safe in liver conditions as it is primarily excreted renally. No dosage adjustment typically needed for hepatic impairment.
• Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment. Dosage must be carefully adjusted based on renal function to prevent accumulation and toxicity.
• Lung - Used in pulmonary tuberculosis. Caution in patients with pre-existing neuromuscular disorders due to potential for neuromuscular blockade.

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