About
Fenofibrate is a lipid-regulating agent belonging to the fibrate class. It primarily acts by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), a nuclear receptor that regulates lipid metabolism. Activation of PPARα leads to increased lipolysis and elimination of triglyceride-rich particles from plasma by activating lipoprotein lipase and reducing the production of apolipoprotein C-III. It also increases the synthesis of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II, which are components of HDL cholesterol. Fenofibrate is widely used to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia and mixed dyslipidemia, particularly when LDL-C levels are also elevated, aiming to reduce the risk of pancreatitis and improve overall lipid profiles.
Its mechanism of action also contributes to a reduction in total cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. Fenofibrate is an important therapeutic option for patients who require significant triglyceride lowering and for those with low HDL-C, often used in conjunction with lifestyle modifications to achieve optimal lipid management.
Uses
- Treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia.
- Management of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia.
- Reduction of elevated LDL-C, total cholesterol, and triglycerides.
- Increase of HDL-C in patients with dyslipidemia.
Directions For Use
Take once daily with a meal, as prescribed by your doctor. Swallow the tablet whole.
Benefits
- Significantly lowers high triglyceride levels.
- Reduces LDL ("bad") cholesterol.
- Increases HDL ("good") cholesterol.
- Decreases the risk of pancreatitis in severe hypertriglyceridemia.
- Improves overall lipid profile.
- May reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in certain patient populations.
Side Effects
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Back pain
- Muscle pain (myalgia)
- Elevated liver enzymes (transaminases)
- Increased creatine kinase (CK) levels
- Gallstones (cholelithiasis)
- Pancreatitis
- Rash
- Fatigue
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Excessive alcohol intake can increase triglyceride levels and the risk of liver damage. Limit alcohol consumption while on fenofibrate.
- Pregnancy - Fenofibrate should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Consult your doctor.
- Breastfeeding - It is not known whether fenofibrate is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug.
- Liver - Contraindicated in patients with active liver disease, including primary biliary cirrhosis, or unexplained persistent liver function abnormalities.
- Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²). Dose adjustment is required for moderate impairment.
- Lung - Rarely, interstitial lung disease has been reported with fibrates. Monitor for symptoms like dyspnea, cough, and fever.
Disclaimer
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