About
Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that enhances the body's natural ability to lower elevated blood glucose levels by increasing insulin release from pancreatic beta cells and decreasing glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, both in a glucose-dependent manner. Metformin, a biguanide, acts primarily by reducing hepatic glucose production, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and improving insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. This combination therapy leverages these distinct yet complementary mechanisms of action to achieve comprehensive and sustained glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is particularly effective when monotherapy with either agent alone is insufficient, helping to manage blood sugar levels throughout the day and after meals, thereby reducing the risk of long-term diabetes complications.
Uses
- Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Improvement of glycemic control.
- Used when diet and exercise alone are not enough.
- As an add-on therapy to other antidiabetic agents.
Directions For Use
Take orally with meals, usually once or twice daily, as directed by your physician. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
Benefits
- Effective blood sugar control.
- Dual mechanism of action.
- Reduced risk of hypoglycemia compared to some other agents.
- May lead to modest weight loss (Metformin effect).
- Improved insulin sensitivity.
- Convenient fixed-dose combination.
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Nasopharyngitis
- Hypoglycemia (especially with other agents)
- Lactic acidosis (rare, Metformin)
- Vitamin B12 deficiency (long-term Metformin)
- Skin reactions (Vildagliptin)
- Pancreatitis (rare, Vildagliptin)
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis, especially with Metformin, and may affect blood sugar levels.
- Pregnancy - Generally not recommended during pregnancy. Consult your doctor to discuss risks and alternative treatments.
- Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as components may pass into breast milk. Seek medical advice.
- Liver - Use with caution in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment. Contraindicated in severe liver disease due to increased risk of lactic acidosis.
- Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²) due to Metformin accumulation and increased risk of lactic acidosis. Dose adjustment may be needed for moderate impairment.
- Lung - Use with caution in conditions causing hypoxia, such as severe respiratory failure, as it may increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
Disclaimer
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