XYLISTIN 1MG INJ 1VAIL

About

Xylistin 1mg Injection, containing colistimethate sodium (a prodrug of colistin), is a polymyxin antibiotic used to treat severe infections caused by multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. It acts by disrupting the bacterial cell membrane, leading to leakage of intracellular contents and bacterial death. Due to its potential for nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, colistin is typically reserved for infections where other less toxic antibiotics are ineffective or contraindicated.

Its use has seen a resurgence due to the increasing prevalence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) pathogens, making it a last-resort option in critical care settings for conditions like ventilator-associated pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and complicated urinary tract infections. Careful monitoring of renal function and neurological status is essential during treatment to mitigate adverse effects.

Uses

• Treatment of severe infections caused by multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
• Management of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
• Treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.
• Management of bloodstream infections due to resistant pathogens.

Directions For Use

Administer intravenously by slow infusion over 30-60 minutes, as prescribed by a physician.

Benefits

• Effective against extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
• Crucial last-resort antibiotic for critical infections.
• Disrupts bacterial cell membrane for bactericidal action.
• Useful when other antibiotics have failed.
• Can be life-saving in severe resistant infections.
• Available in injectable form for systemic use.

Side Effects

• Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage)
• Neurotoxicity (dizziness, paresthesia, vertigo)
• Acute tubular necrosis
• Respiratory depression (especially with neuromuscular blockers)
• Rash
• Fever
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Injection site reactions
• Muscle weakness
• Apnea

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Avoid alcohol as it may exacerbate potential neurotoxic effects and general systemic stress.
• Pregnancy - Use only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh risks, as it can be nephrotoxic to the fetus.
• Breastfeeding - Not recommended due to potential for nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity in the infant.
• Liver - Use with caution; monitor liver function, though primary toxicity is renal.
• Kidney - Contraindicated or requires significant dosage adjustment in severe renal impairment due to high risk of nephrotoxicity. Close monitoring of kidney function is essential.
• Lung - Use with extreme caution in patients with respiratory compromise, as it can cause respiratory depression or apnea, especially if given with neuromuscular blocking agents.

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