Distamine 500mg Capsule

About

Distamine 500mg Capsule contains D-penicillamine, a chelating agent and immunomodulatory drug primarily used in the treatment of Wilson's disease, a genetic disorder characterized by excessive copper accumulation in the body. It works by binding to copper ions, forming a stable, soluble complex that is then excreted in the urine, thereby reducing copper levels in tissues and organs. Beyond its chelating properties, D-penicillamine also possesses immunomodulatory effects, making it useful in certain autoimmune conditions. Its mechanism in these conditions involves interfering with T-lymphocyte function and collagen synthesis.

The drug is administered orally and requires careful monitoring due to its potential for significant side effects, particularly affecting the hematopoietic system and kidneys. Regular blood tests and urinalysis are essential to detect adverse reactions early. Distamine is also used in severe active rheumatoid arthritis that has not responded to conventional therapies, and in cystinuria, where it helps reduce cystine stone formation by forming a more soluble disulfide complex with cystine.

Uses

• Treatment of Wilson's disease.
• Management of severe active rheumatoid arthritis.
• Therapy for cystinuria.
• Chelation therapy for heavy metal poisoning (off-label).

Directions For Use

Take orally as directed by a physician, usually on an empty stomach. Dosage varies based on condition and patient response.

Benefits

• Effectively reduces copper levels in Wilson's disease.
• Can induce remission in severe rheumatoid arthritis.
• Reduces cystine stone formation in cystinuria.
• Available in a convenient oral capsule form.
• Long-standing efficacy in its primary indications.
• Helps prevent organ damage from copper accumulation.

Side Effects

• Bone marrow suppression (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia).
• Proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome.
• Skin rashes and pruritus.
• Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).
• Loss of taste (dysgeusia).
• Fever and lymphadenopathy.
• Autoimmune reactions (e.g., myasthenia gravis, lupus-like syndrome).
• Pemphigus.
• Hepatotoxicity.
• Pancreatitis.
• Aplastic anemia (rare).
• Oral ulcers.

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Avoid or limit alcohol, as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects or liver toxicity.
• Pregnancy - Contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic potential, especially in Wilson's disease. Use only if benefits clearly outweigh risks.
• Breastfeeding - Not recommended; D-penicillamine may pass into breast milk and cause adverse effects in the infant.
• Liver - Use with caution; monitor liver function closely as hepatotoxicity is a known side effect.
• Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment; monitor renal function and urinalysis regularly due to risk of proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome.
• Lung - Monitor for pulmonary complications such as bronchiolitis obliterans; use with caution in patients with pre-existing lung disease.

Disclaimer

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