Endoxan N 200mg Injection

About

Endoxan N 200mg Injection contains Cyclophosphamide, an alkylating agent widely used in chemotherapy and as an immunosuppressant. It functions by cross-linking DNA strands, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division, particularly in rapidly proliferating cells like cancer cells and immune cells. This mechanism makes it effective against a broad spectrum of malignancies and severe autoimmune conditions. Its cytotoxic action is not cell-cycle phase specific, meaning it can affect cells at various stages of their growth cycle.

The drug is a prodrug that requires metabolic activation in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes to its active metabolites, phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. While phosphoramide mustard is the primary cytotoxic agent, acrolein is responsible for some of its adverse effects, notably hemorrhagic cystitis. Due to its potent effects, Endoxan N is administered under strict medical supervision, often as part of a multi-drug regimen, with careful monitoring of hematologic parameters and renal function.

Uses

• Treatment of various lymphomas and leukemias
• Management of breast and ovarian cancers
• Suppression of the immune system in severe autoimmune diseases
• Conditioning regimen for bone marrow transplantation

Directions For Use

Administered intravenously by a healthcare professional. Dosage and frequency are determined by the patient's condition and treatment protocol.

Benefits

• Effective against a wide range of cancers
• Potent immunosuppressive properties
• Can be used in combination chemotherapy regimens
• Established efficacy in severe autoimmune disorders
• Available in various strengths for flexible dosing
• Crucial component in some transplant conditioning regimens

Side Effects

• Bone marrow suppression (low blood counts)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Hemorrhagic cystitis
• Fatigue and weakness
• Increased risk of infection
• Oral mucositis
• Infertility
• Cardiotoxicity (rare)
• Secondary malignancies (long-term risk)
• Skin and nail changes
• Anorexia

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Avoid alcohol consumption as it may exacerbate side effects and interfere with liver metabolism of the drug.
• Pregnancy - Contraindicated in pregnancy due to severe teratogenic and embryotoxic effects. Effective contraception is essential.
• Breastfeeding - Contraindicated during breastfeeding as the drug is excreted in breast milk and can cause serious adverse effects in the infant.
• Liver - Use with caution in patients with liver impairment; dose adjustment may be necessary. Liver function should be closely monitored.
• Kidney - Use with caution in patients with kidney impairment; dose adjustment may be necessary. Renal function should be regularly assessed.
• Lung - Rare cases of pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis, have been reported. Monitor for respiratory symptoms.

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