About
Vildagliptin is an oral antidiabetic agent belonging to the class of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. It works by enhancing the body's natural ability to control blood glucose levels by inhibiting the inactivation of incretin hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). This leads to increased insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and decreased glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, both in a glucose-dependent manner. The net effect is a significant reduction in both fasting and post-meal blood glucose concentrations, helping to achieve better glycemic control for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents when diet and exercise alone are insufficient to manage blood sugar effectively.
Uses
- Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Improvement of glycemic control.
- Used as monotherapy when Metformin is inappropriate.
- As an add-on to other antidiabetic medications.
Directions For Use
Take orally, usually once or twice daily, with or without food, as prescribed by your doctor. Do not crush or chew the tablet.
Benefits
- Effective reduction in blood glucose levels.
- Low risk of hypoglycemia when used alone.
- Weight-neutral effect.
- Improves both fasting and post-meal glucose.
- Well-tolerated in most patients.
- Convenient oral administration.
Side Effects
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nasopharyngitis
- Cough
- Constipation
- Peripheral edema
- Hypoglycemia (especially with sulfonylureas or insulin)
- Skin reactions (e.g., rash)
- Arthralgia
- Pancreatitis (rare)
- Abnormal liver function tests (rare)
- Angioedema (rare)
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Moderate alcohol consumption is generally acceptable, but excessive intake may affect blood sugar levels.
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy due to insufficient data on human safety. Consult your doctor for alternatives.
- Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is unknown if Vildagliptin passes into breast milk.
- Liver - Contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (ALT or AST >3x ULN). Use with caution in mild impairment.
- Kidney - Dose adjustment may be required for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (eGFR <50 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Lung - No specific contraindications related to lung conditions, but general caution applies in severe systemic illness.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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