About

This medication is a triple-combination oral antidiabetic agent designed to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It combines dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, with a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and metformin, a biguanide. Dapagliflozin works by reducing glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose excretion in the urine. The DPP-4 inhibitor enhances the body's natural ability to lower elevated blood glucose levels by increasing active incretin hormones, which stimulate insulin release and suppress glucagon secretion. Metformin primarily reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. This synergistic action targets multiple pathways involved in glucose regulation, offering comprehensive blood sugar management.

Uses

Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
As an adjunct to diet and exercise.
To improve glycemic control.
When monotherapy or dual therapy is insufficient.

Directions For Use

Take orally as directed by your physician, usually once or twice daily with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

Benefits

Significant reduction in HbA1c levels.
Supports weight management.
Provides cardiovascular benefits.
Offers renal protective effects.
Low risk of hypoglycemia compared to sulfonylureas.
Improves insulin sensitivity.

Side Effects

Genital yeast infections
Urinary tract infections
Increased urination frequency
Nausea and diarrhea
Headache
Nasopharyngitis
Abdominal discomfort
Metallic taste
Dizziness
Fatigue
Joint pain
Rarely, lactic acidosis

Safety Measures

Alcohol - Limit alcohol intake as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis with metformin and hypoglycemia with other components.
Pregnancy - Generally not recommended during pregnancy; consult your doctor for alternative management.
Breastfeeding - Avoid during breastfeeding as components may pass into breast milk; discuss with a healthcare professional.
Liver - Use with caution in patients with liver impairment; dose adjustment may be necessary, and it's contraindicated in severe cases.
Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment; dose adjustment required for moderate impairment due to metformin and dapagliflozin.
Lung - Generally safe, but monitor for signs of fluid overload if there are underlying cardiac or pulmonary conditions.

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