About
This triple combination medication, comprising Empagliflozin, Sitagliptin, and Metformin, offers a robust and multifaceted approach to managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, acts by reducing glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, thereby promoting increased glucose excretion in the urine and lowering blood sugar. Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, enhances the body's natural incretin hormone levels, which stimulates glucose-dependent insulin release from the pancreas and suppresses glucagon secretion. Metformin, a biguanide, primarily works by decreasing glucose production by the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. Together, these three agents synergistically target multiple pathophysiological pathways involved in glucose dysregulation, providing powerful glycemic control. Furthermore, Empagliflozin contributes significant cardiovascular and renal protective benefits, making this combination a comprehensive treatment option for patients requiring intensive glucose management.
Uses
- Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Improvement of glycemic control.
- When diet and exercise alone are insufficient.
- For patients inadequately controlled on dual therapy.
Directions For Use
Take orally, usually once or twice daily, with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Follow your doctor's instructions precisely regarding dosage and administration.
Benefits
- Significant reduction in blood glucose levels.
- Potential for weight loss (Empagliflozin).
- Cardiovascular and renal benefits (Empagliflozin).
- Improved insulin sensitivity.
- Reduced hepatic glucose production.
- Convenient triple therapy.
Side Effects
- Hypoglycemia (especially with other agents)
- Genital yeast infections
- Urinary tract infections
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Increased urination
- Headache
- Metallic taste
- Lactic acidosis (rare, Metformin)
- Pancreatitis (rare, Sitagliptin)
- Ketoacidosis (rare, SGLT2 inhibitors)
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid excessive alcohol consumption due to increased risk of hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis, particularly with Metformin.
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy. Insulin is generally preferred. Consult your healthcare provider for alternatives.
- Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as components may pass into breast milk. Discuss with your doctor.
- Liver - Use with caution in liver impairment due to Metformin's risk of lactic acidosis and potential impact on drug metabolism.
- Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment (Metformin, Empagliflozin). Dose adjustments are necessary for moderate impairment.
- Lung - Severe respiratory insufficiency can increase the risk of lactic acidosis (Metformin). Use with caution in such cases.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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