SITAMAX 100MG 10'S

About

Sitagliptin is an oral antidiabetic medication classified as a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, specifically developed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its primary mechanism involves selectively inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, which is responsible for the rapid degradation of endogenous incretin hormones, namely glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By prolonging the activity of these incretins, sitagliptin enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and suppresses glucagon release from pancreatic alpha cells. This dual action effectively lowers both fasting and postprandial blood glucose concentrations. The glucose-dependent nature of its insulinotropic effect means it primarily acts when blood glucose levels are elevated, thereby minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy or in combination with agents that do not directly cause hypoglycemia.

Uses

• Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• To improve glycemic control in adults.
• Used as an adjunct to diet and exercise.
• Can be used as monotherapy or in combination.

Directions For Use

Take orally once daily, with or without food. Follow your doctor's dosage instructions carefully.

Benefits

• Effectively lowers blood sugar levels.
• Improves both fasting and postprandial glucose.
• Enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
• Lowers glucagon levels.
• Low risk of hypoglycemia when used alone.
• Generally well-tolerated.

Side Effects

• Headache
• Upper respiratory tract infection
• Nasal congestion
• Sore throat
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Joint pain
• Pancreatitis (rare)
• Hypersensitivity reactions
• Kidney problems (rare)
• Bullous pemphigoid (rare)

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - No specific interaction, but excessive alcohol can affect blood sugar control; use in moderation.
• Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy. Insulin is generally preferred for glycemic control in pregnant women with diabetes.
• Breastfeeding - It is unknown if sitagliptin passes into breast milk. Use with caution and under medical supervision.
• Liver - Use with caution in patients with liver impairment; no specific dose adjustment usually required for mild to moderate.
• Kidney - Dose adjustment is required for moderate to severe renal impairment and end-stage renal disease.
• Lung - No specific contraindications or significant interactions with lung conditions.

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