About
This medication combines Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, with Metformin, a biguanide. Dapagliflozin works by inhibiting SGLT2 in the kidneys, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and a reduction in blood glucose levels. Metformin primarily reduces hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal glucose absorption, and improves insulin sensitivity. This dual-action therapy is indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control. Beyond its glucose-lowering effects, dapagliflozin has demonstrated benefits in reducing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and slowing the progression of kidney disease in certain patient populations, making this combination a comprehensive option for managing type 2 diabetes and its associated complications.
Uses
- Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Improvement of glycemic control in adults.
- Used as an adjunct to diet and exercise.
- When monotherapy with metformin or dapagliflozin is inadequate.
Directions For Use
Take this medication orally, usually once or twice daily with meals, as directed by your doctor. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
Benefits
- Effective blood sugar control.
- Reduces HbA1c levels significantly.
- Potential for modest weight loss.
- Reduces risk of heart failure hospitalization (Dapagliflozin).
- Slows progression of kidney disease (Dapagliflozin).
- Improves insulin sensitivity (Metformin).
Side Effects
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- Genital yeast infections
- Increased urination
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Hypotension
- Ketoacidosis (rare but serious)
- Lactic acidosis (rare but serious, Metformin)
- Vitamin B12 deficiency (Metformin)
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis (from metformin) and dehydration/ketoacidosis (from dapagliflozin).
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to potential adverse effects on fetal kidney development. Consult your doctor.
- Breastfeeding - Metformin is excreted in breast milk; dapagliflozin's excretion is unknown. Due to potential risks to the infant, breastfeeding is not recommended.
- Liver - Metformin is contraindicated in severe hepatic impairment due to increased risk of lactic acidosis. Dapagliflozin generally does not require dose adjustment for mild to moderate impairment.
- Kidney - Contraindicated in severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²) due to metformin accumulation. Dapagliflozin's efficacy is reduced with declining renal function, and it's not recommended for initiation below eGFR 25 mL/min/1.73m².
- Lung - No specific contraindications related to lung conditions. However, conditions predisposing to hypoxia can increase the risk of lactic acidosis with metformin.
Disclaimer
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