About
Sunitinib is a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor, primarily utilized in oncology for its ability to impede tumor growth and progression. It functions by blocking several key RTKs that are crucial for cell proliferation, angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels that feed tumors), and metastatic spread. These targets include vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3), platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRα, PDGFRβ), KIT, FLT3, and RET. By inhibiting these specific pathways, sunitinib effectively disrupts the signaling cascades that drive cancer cell survival and proliferation.
Its mechanism of action involves not only direct inhibition of tumor cell growth but also disruption of the tumor's blood supply, leading to reduced tumor vascularization and, in some cases, tumor regression. This broad spectrum of action against multiple targets makes sunitinib a valuable therapeutic option for certain advanced malignancies where these pathways are dysregulated, offering a targeted approach to cancer treatment by interfering with critical molecular processes essential for tumor maintenance and progression.
Uses
- Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) after imatinib failure.
- Management of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
- Therapy for progressive, well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET).
- Used in certain other advanced solid tumors under specific conditions.
Directions For Use
Take orally with or without food, as directed by your oncologist. Swallow the capsule whole; do not open or crush.
Benefits
- Targets multiple pathways involved in cancer growth.
- Effective in slowing tumor progression and metastasis.
- Can improve progression-free survival in specific cancers.
- Oral administration offers convenience for patients.
- Approved for several difficult-to-treat cancers.
- May reduce tumor size in some patients.
Side Effects
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Stomatitis
- Hand-foot syndrome
- Hypertension
- Skin discoloration
- Taste alteration
- Anorexia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Neutropenia
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid or limit alcohol consumption as it may exacerbate certain side effects or interact with the medication, potentially increasing liver strain.
- Pregnancy - Sunitinib is contraindicated in pregnancy due to potential fetal harm. Effective contraception must be used during treatment and for a period after.
- Breastfeeding - Breastfeeding is not recommended during sunitinib treatment and for a period after the last dose, as the drug may pass into breast milk and harm the infant.
- Liver - Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment. Liver function should be monitored regularly, and dose adjustments may be necessary.
- Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal impairment. Dose adjustments may be required based on the severity of kidney dysfunction.
- Lung - Monitor for signs of pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial lung disease or pulmonary hypertension, especially in patients with pre-existing lung conditions.
Disclaimer
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