About
Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) primarily used in the management of hypertension (high blood pressure). It works by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor in various tissues, including vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal gland. This blockade prevents the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and a reduction in blood pressure. Its long duration of action allows for once-daily dosing, providing consistent blood pressure control throughout a 24-hour period.
Beyond its antihypertensive effects, telmisartan has demonstrated benefits in cardiovascular risk reduction, particularly in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events who are unable to tolerate ACE inhibitors. It is also used to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death in patients aged 55 years or older with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes with target organ damage. Its renoprotective properties make it a suitable choice for hypertensive patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Uses
- Treatment of essential hypertension.
- Reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in high-risk patients.
- Prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke.
- Management of diabetic nephropathy in hypertensive patients.
Directions For Use
Take orally once daily, with or without food, preferably at the same time each day.
Benefits
- Effectively lowers high blood pressure.
- Reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke.
- Provides 24-hour blood pressure control.
- Offers renoprotective benefits, especially in diabetics.
- Well-tolerated with a low incidence of cough.
- Suitable for long-term management of hypertension.
Side Effects
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Back pain
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Cough (less common than ACE inhibitors)
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels)
- Angioedema (rare)
- Renal impairment (rare)
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can further lower blood pressure and increase dizziness.
- Pregnancy - Telmisartan is contraindicated in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to fetal toxicity.
- Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as it may pass into breast milk and potentially harm the infant.
- Liver - Use with caution in patients with severe hepatic impairment; dose adjustment may be necessary.
- Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal artery stenosis or severe renal impairment; monitor kidney function closely.
- Lung - No specific contraindications or major concerns regarding lung conditions are typically associated with telmisartan.
Disclaimer
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