GLURA 50 TAB

About

Vildagliptin is an oral antidiabetic medication classified as a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It works by selectively inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which is responsible for the rapid degradation of incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By preserving the active forms of these incretins, vildagliptin enhances their glucose-dependent effects on insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and suppresses glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells.

This mechanism leads to improved glycemic control by reducing both fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels without directly stimulating insulin release, thereby minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia. Vildagliptin is used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents.

Uses

• To improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• As monotherapy when diet and exercise alone are insufficient and metformin is inappropriate.
• In combination with metformin when metformin monotherapy is insufficient.
• In combination with a sulfonylurea, thiazolidinedione, or insulin when other therapies are insufficient.

Directions For Use

Take orally, usually once or twice daily, with or without food. Follow your doctor's prescribed dosage.

Benefits

• Effectively lowers blood glucose levels.
• Low risk of hypoglycemia when used alone.
• Weight-neutral effect.
• Improves pancreatic beta-cell function.
• Reduces both fasting and post-meal glucose.
• Well-tolerated with a favorable safety profile.

Side Effects

• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Nasopharyngitis
• Cough
• Peripheral edema
• Hypoglycemia (when combined with sulfonylurea or insulin)
• Pancreatitis (rare)
• Arthralgia

Safety Measures

• Alcohol - Moderate alcohol consumption is generally acceptable, but excessive intake should be avoided as it can affect blood glucose levels.
• Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy due to insufficient data on human pregnancy. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
• Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is unknown if vildagliptin is excreted in human milk. Potential risks to the infant are unknown.
• Liver - Contraindicated in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (ALT or AST >3x ULN) due to potential for liver enzyme elevations.
• Kidney - No dose adjustment needed for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease, a dose reduction is typically required.
• Lung - No specific contraindications or dose adjustments related to lung conditions.

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