About
Temozolomide (Temoide) is an oral alkylating agent primarily used in the treatment of specific types of brain cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with DNA replication and transcription in rapidly dividing cancer cells, leading to DNA damage and subsequent cell death. A key advantage of temozolomide is its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, allowing it to effectively reach and act on tumors within the central nervous system. It is often utilized in combination with radiation therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma or as a standalone treatment for recurrent or refractory high-grade gliomas, significantly impacting patient prognosis and disease management.
Uses
- Newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme
- Refractory anaplastic astrocytoma
- Recurrent glioblastoma
- Other high-grade gliomas (off-label use)
Directions For Use
Take orally on an empty stomach, usually once daily for a specific number of days as prescribed by your oncologist.
Benefits
- Oral administration offers convenience
- Effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier
- Proven efficacy in certain brain cancers
- Can be combined with radiation therapy
- Improves progression-free survival
- Relatively well-tolerated compared to some IV chemotherapies
Side Effects
- Myelosuppression (low blood counts)
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Constipation
- Alopecia (hair loss)
- Rash
- Opportunistic infections
- Liver toxicity
- Allergic reactions
- Peripheral neuropathy
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid alcohol during treatment as it can exacerbate side effects like nausea, fatigue, and potential liver toxicity.
- Pregnancy - Contraindicated due to potential for severe fetal harm. Effective contraception is required for both male and female patients during and after treatment.
- Breastfeeding - Not recommended due to potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants. Discontinue breastfeeding during treatment.
- Liver - Use with caution in patients with pre-existing liver impairment; monitor liver function tests closely throughout treatment.
- Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal impairment; dose adjustments may be necessary based on kidney function.
- Lung - Use with caution in patients with pre-existing pulmonary conditions due to rare reports of pneumonitis.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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