About
Nivolumab is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that blocks the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor, which is found on T cells. By blocking PD-1, nivolumab helps to restore the anti-tumor immune response, allowing the body's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells more effectively. It is a cornerstone in modern immunotherapy, targeting various advanced malignancies such as melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. This mechanism of action helps to overcome immune evasion strategies employed by cancer cells, leading to durable responses in a subset of patients. Its role in enhancing immune surveillance is critical for long-term disease control in eligible patients. The therapy aims to unleash the body's natural defenses against cancer, offering a novel approach beyond traditional chemotherapy and radiation. It represents a significant advancement in oncology, providing hope for patients with previously difficult-to-treat cancers.
Uses
- Treatment of advanced melanoma.
- Management of non-small cell lung cancer.
- Therapy for renal cell carcinoma.
- Treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma.
Directions For Use
Administered intravenously by a healthcare professional. Dosage and frequency depend on the specific cancer type and patient's condition.
Benefits
- Activates the body's immune system against cancer.
- Offers durable responses in some patients.
- Approved for multiple cancer types.
- Can be used as monotherapy or in combination.
- May improve overall survival in advanced cancers.
- Represents a significant advancement in oncology.
Side Effects
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Rash
- Musculoskeletal pain
- Pruritus
- Decreased appetite
- Constipation
- Cough
- Dyspnea
- Hypothyroidism
- Infusion-related reactions
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Avoid or limit alcohol consumption as it may exacerbate fatigue or liver-related side effects.
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy due to potential fetal harm; effective contraception is advised for women of childbearing potential.
- Breastfeeding - Discontinue breastfeeding during treatment and for at least 5 months after the last dose due to potential harm to the infant.
- Liver - Use with caution in patients with pre-existing liver conditions; monitor liver function tests regularly.
- Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal impairment; monitor kidney function closely during treatment.
- Lung - Monitor for new or worsening pulmonary symptoms, as immune-mediated pneumonitis is a serious potential side effect.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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