About
Vildagliptin is an oral antidiabetic medication belonging to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class, used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which is responsible for the degradation of incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By preserving these incretins, vildagliptin enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and suppresses glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells.
This dual action helps to lower both fasting and post-meal blood glucose levels without causing weight gain or a high risk of hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy. Vildagliptin is often prescribed when diet and exercise alone are insufficient, or in combination with other antidiabetic agents like metformin.
Uses
- Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- To improve glycemic control in adults.
- As monotherapy or in combination with other agents.
- When diet and exercise are inadequate.
Directions For Use
Take this medication orally, usually once or twice daily, with or without food, as prescribed by your doctor.
Benefits
- Effectively lowers blood glucose levels.
- Reduces HbA1c without significant weight gain.
- Low risk of hypoglycemia as monotherapy.
- Enhances natural insulin secretion.
- Suppresses inappropriate glucagon release.
- Well-tolerated with a convenient dosing schedule.
Side Effects
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Nasopharyngitis
- Arthralgia
- Peripheral edema
- Fatigue
- Pancreatitis (rare)
- Angioedema (rare)
- Skin reactions
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Moderate alcohol consumption is generally acceptable, but excessive intake can affect blood sugar levels.
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy due to insufficient data. Use only if potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
- Breastfeeding - It is unknown if vildagliptin is excreted in human milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug.
- Liver - Not recommended for patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment due to increased risk of liver enzyme elevations.
- Kidney - Dose adjustment may be required for patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. Not recommended for end-stage renal disease.
- Lung - No specific contraindications or significant concerns related to lung conditions.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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