About
Dapagliflozin is a highly selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, primarily indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its unique mechanism of action involves blocking the reabsorption of glucose in the renal tubules, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and a subsequent reduction in blood glucose concentrations, independent of insulin secretion. Beyond its potent glycemic lowering effects, dapagliflozin has been clinically proven to provide significant cardiovascular and renal benefits. These include a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, and the progression of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This makes it a crucial therapeutic agent for comprehensive disease management, addressing not only hyperglycemia but also critical associated comorbidities, thereby improving long-term patient outcomes.
Uses
- Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- To reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure.
- To reduce the risk of progression of kidney disease.
- As an adjunct to diet and exercise.
Directions For Use
Take Dapagliflozin 5mg orally once daily in the morning, with or without food, as directed by your healthcare provider.
Benefits
- Effectively lowers blood glucose levels.
- Reduces HbA1c.
- Promotes modest weight loss.
- Can lower blood pressure.
- Provides cardiovascular protection.
- Offers renal protective benefits.
Side Effects
- Urinary tract infections
- Genital mycotic infections
- Increased urination
- Nasopharyngitis
- Back pain
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Hypotension (especially in volume-depleted patients)
- Ketoacidosis (rare)
- Dehydration
- Fatigue
- Flu-like symptoms
Safety Measures
- Alcohol - Limit alcohol intake as it can increase the risk of dehydration and ketoacidosis, particularly with SGLT2 inhibitors.
- Pregnancy - Not recommended during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to potential adverse renal effects on the developing fetus. Consult a doctor.
- Breastfeeding - It is unknown if Dapagliflozin is excreted in human milk. Avoid use during breastfeeding or consult a healthcare provider.
- Liver - No dose adjustment is typically required for mild to moderate hepatic impairment. Use with caution in severe impairment.
- Kidney - Not recommended for patients with eGFR <25 mL/min/1.73m². Assess renal function before initiation and periodically thereafter.
- Lung - No specific contraindications related to lung conditions.
Disclaimer
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Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.
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