About

Irinotecan is a potent antineoplastic agent belonging to the camptothecin class, primarily used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting topoisomerase I, an enzyme critical for DNA replication, transcription, and repair. Irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN-38, bind to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex, preventing the re-ligation of DNA single-strand breaks. This leads to the accumulation of DNA damage, particularly during the S-phase of the cell cycle, ultimately triggering apoptosis in cancer cells. Administered intravenously, irinotecan is often used in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin (FOLFIRI regimen) or as a single agent after failure of other therapies. Its efficacy is crucial in managing advanced colorectal cancer, though its use requires careful management of its characteristic toxicities.

Uses

Metastatic colorectal cancer (first-line)
Metastatic colorectal cancer (second-line)
Pancreatic cancer (in combination)
Gastric cancer (off-label)

Directions For Use

Administered intravenously by a healthcare professional. Dosage and infusion rate are determined by the patient's body surface area and treatment regimen.

Benefits

Effective in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer.
Key component of standard FOLFIRI regimen.
Can improve overall survival in appropriate patients.
Offers a treatment option after failure of other therapies.
Well-established efficacy in combination with other agents.
Manageable side effect profile with supportive care.

Side Effects

Severe diarrhea (early and late onset)
Myelosuppression (neutropenia)
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal pain
Alopecia (hair loss)
Fatigue
Cholinergic syndrome (acute)
Stomatitis/mucositis
Anorexia
Fever
Dehydration
Elevated liver enzymes

Safety Measures

Alcohol - Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects, especially diarrhea.
Pregnancy - Contraindicated in pregnancy due to significant risk of fetal harm. Effective contraception is essential for both male and female patients.
Breastfeeding - Not recommended during breastfeeding as irinotecan may be excreted in breast milk and harm the infant.
Liver - Use with extreme caution in patients with hepatic impairment, especially those with elevated bilirubin, as toxicity may be increased.
Kidney - Use with caution in patients with renal impairment; dose adjustments may be necessary, and close monitoring is advised.
Lung - Rare but serious interstitial lung disease has been reported; monitor for new or worsening respiratory symptoms.

Disclaimer

MedEHub is committed to delivering reliable, expert-reviewd information to help consumers make informed health decisions. However, the content provided on this website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

Always consult your doctor for any medical concerns, and discuss your questions about health conditions or medications with a qualified healthcare professional. Do not ignore or delay seeking professional medical advice based on information found on Med E Hub.

Our goal is to complement, not replace, the essential doctor-patient relationship.

Shipping & Location