About

Semaglutide, an oral glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is indicated for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control, in conjunction with diet and exercise. It functions by mimicking the effects of natural GLP-1, which leads to glucose-dependent insulin secretion, reduced glucagon secretion, delayed gastric emptying, and an increase in satiety. This comprehensive mechanism of action not only helps to significantly lower blood glucose levels but can also contribute to weight management, a common comorbidity in type 2 diabetes. The oral formulation of semaglutide offers a convenient and effective alternative to injectable GLP-1 agonists, providing robust glycemic control and demonstrating cardiovascular benefits in patients with established cardiovascular disease, thereby addressing multiple aspects of diabetes management.

Uses

Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Improvement of glycemic control.
Reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease.
Adjunct to diet and exercise.

Directions For Use

Take orally once daily on an empty stomach with a small amount of water, at least 30 minutes before the first food, beverage, or other oral medications of the day.

Benefits

Effectively lowers blood sugar levels.
May promote weight loss.
Reduces risk of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
Convenient once-daily oral administration.
Improves HbA1c levels.
Helps control appetite.

Side Effects

Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Constipation
Dyspepsia
Fatigue
Headache
Dizziness
Hypoglycemia (especially with other antidiabetics)
Pancreatitis (rare)
Gallstones (cholelithiasis)

Safety Measures

Alcohol - Alcohol consumption should be moderate as it can affect blood sugar levels and potentially increase the risk of hypoglycemia or gastrointestinal side effects.
Pregnancy - Not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus; use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk.
Breastfeeding - It is unknown if semaglutide is excreted in human milk; caution is advised, and a healthcare provider should be consulted.
Liver - Generally safe for use in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment; severe impairment requires caution and monitoring.
Kidney - Can be used in patients with renal impairment, but caution is advised in severe cases; dose adjustment may not be necessary.
Lung - No specific contraindications or dose adjustments related to lung conditions are typically required.

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