About

CDK4/6 inhibitors are a class of targeted therapy used primarily in hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced or metastatic breast cancer. These agents selectively inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, which are key regulators of cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. By blocking these kinases, the inhibitors prevent uncontrolled cell proliferation, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. They are typically used in combination with endocrine therapy, enhancing its efficacy and improving progression-free survival in eligible patients. This targeted approach offers a more specific mechanism of action compared to traditional chemotherapy, often resulting in a different spectrum of side effects.

Uses

HR+/HER2- advanced or metastatic breast cancer
First-line treatment in combination with aromatase inhibitor
Second-line treatment in combination with fulvestrant
Post-menopausal women with advanced breast cancer

Directions For Use

Take orally once daily with or without food, usually for 21 days followed by 7 days off, as directed by a physician.

Benefits

Significantly improves progression-free survival.
Effective in HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer.
Can be combined with endocrine therapy.
Offers a targeted treatment approach.
May delay the need for chemotherapy.
Available in oral tablet form for convenience.

Side Effects

Neutropenia (most common)
Fatigue
Nausea
Diarrhea
Alopecia
Vomiting
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Elevated liver enzymes
QT prolongation
Infections
Stomatitis

Safety Measures

Alcohol - Limit or avoid alcohol as it may worsen liver enzyme elevations or gastrointestinal side effects.
Pregnancy - Contraindicated; causes fetal harm. Use effective contraception during and after treatment.
Breastfeeding - Not recommended; potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants.
Liver - Monitor liver function tests closely; dose adjustments or interruption may be required for hepatotoxicity.
Kidney - Use with caution in severe renal impairment; dose adjustments may be necessary.
Lung - Rarely associated with interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis; monitor for respiratory symptoms.

Disclaimer

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